Abstract:

Abstract:In this era of massive data, DNA serves as a promising new medium for information storage. Compared to traditional physical storage media, it possesses inherent advantages such as low energy consumption, high storage density, and long storage lifespan. With the rapid development of DNA storage, ensuring information security under new technologies becomes crucial. In this regard, this paper combines research in the fields of encryption and DNA coding, proposing a DNA encryption coding method based on chaotic systems and fountain codes. The encryption principle of chaotic systems is utilized during the DNA fountain code encoding process, preserving the characteristics of DNA fountain codes while ensuring the security of encoded information. This method is applicable to any types of data, achieving high information density and DNA encoding under arbitrary constraints. Furthermore, through simulation experiments, it is demonstrated that this method can effectively resist various cryptographic attacks and possesses errorcorrection capabilities for data errors generated during the DNA storage process.

Abstract:DNA molecules exhibit highly promising properties of high storage density and extended lifespan as a medium for next generation digital data storage. Thus, it is expected to act as an alternative to address the global issue of insufficient data storage materials. However, the current advances of DNA-based information storage are mainly focused on “the cold storage of information”, so that it is difficult to realize quick data processing in DNA, such as rewriting, updating, deleting, and erasure. Based on the current situation of “cold storage” technology, the reasons why DNA information storage media is difficult to achieve “hot storage” applications has been summarized. In that context, the data processing including destruction, encryption, rewriting, regeneration, decay, recovery, and arithmetic recording can be realized. The feasibility of using DNA media as an information processing carrier has been comprehensively demonstrated, and corresponding advantages and disadvantages were emphasized. This review aims to highlight the importance of DNA storage technology with the potential low energy consumption, high accuracy, high efficiency, and high security. Additionally, it will show the perspective regarding the integration of DNA characteristics for the next generation of intelligent information storage and processing systems.

Abstract:At present, traditional storage technologies mainly use silicon-based materials as storage media, but the existing silicon resources in the world cannot meet the growing data storage needs of data. With the development of the data era, innovation in storage technology has faced challenges. DNA molecules store rich genetic information, and from the perspective of chemical biology, DNA molecules can be used as a medium for data information storage. This provides a new opportunity for storage technology. Unnatural base nucleotides can expand the genetic alphabet and increase the storage capacity, but there are still many issues to be resolved in their practical applications. This article reviews the progress of DNA storage technology, analysing the current state of DNA storage, unresolved technical challenges, and development prospects. Furthermore, it introduces unnatural base pairs (UBPs) as a new direction in synthetic biology, highlighting their potential advantages and technical challenges in the field of DNA information storage.

Abstract:In the era of data explosion, the global demand for data storage has far exceeded the existing storage capacity. DNA, as a natural carrier of genetic information, provides a stable, efficient, and sustainable data storage solution. The current process of DNA storage is divided into six main parts: encoding, writing, preservation, access, reading, and decoding; and nanopore sequencing technology has been widely used to read information stored in DNA. This review systematically introduces the principle and research history of nanopore-based DNA signal detection, and the applications of nanopore sequencing in DNA storage. Moreover, it summarizes the applications of machine learning in nanopore detection, particularly highlighting the integration of novel nanopore detection techniques with machine learning. This review presents a new direction for the development of nanopore technology and lays the foundation for building a better practical DNA storage system.

Abstract:With the advancement of modern science and technology, the volume of data generated through human production and daily life has surged. Traditional silicon-based storage media such as hard disks and flash memory are gradually becoming inadequate to meet the growing global data storage demands. Due to its remarkable advantages, such as incredibly high storage density, extremely long-term storage capabilities, and minimal energy consumption, DNA is regarded as the ideal next-generation storage medium. This review primarily focuses on DNA storage technology. It introduces the fundamental theory and workflow, and subsequently provides an overview of the research status regarding data security in DNA storage technology, within the context of conventional data security. This includes aspects like data encryption, data resilience, the detection of bio-cyber attacks and so on. The article also discusses the challenges and emerging trends in data security of DNA storage technology. Through interdisciplinary development, DNA storage technology is expected to resolve the conflict between massive data and limited conventional storage space and can be commercialized in multiple scenarios eventually, all while ensuring broad-spectrum and multi-tier data security.

Abstract:The growing contradiction between the exponential increase in data amount and the limited storage capacity of existing media is becoming increasingly evident, necessitating the development of new types of media to address this issue. Due to its ultra-high density, low energy consumption and long lifetime for data storage, DNA has attracted much attention as an emerging storage medium, particularly for massive “cold data”, with the potential to replace current storage methods. In the process of data storage, the effective preservation of DNA plays a crucial role, directly impacting the DNA data of storage density, stability, storage time, as well as data writing and reading. Due to the limited information available on DNA preservation techniques in the current literature, this paper provides an overview of current research progress and strategies in DNA preservation technology for data storage, discusses the difficulties and challenges faced when applying existing preservation techniques in DNA data storage, and presents prospects for the implementation of DNA data storage.

Abstract:Over the past few decades, the rapid development and widespread adoption of internet technology have propelled humanity into the digital information age, the internet has evolved into a crucial component of human life. With the emergence of the digital lifestyle, individuals are continuously generating massive amounts of digital information. Effective and convenient storage of this information is regarded as a significant challenge that needs to be overcome. Starting with introducing the existing storage methods and media, this article analyzes the current state of the storage field, followed by delving into the advantages, core technologies, and the potential applications of DNA as a big data storage medium in the coming days. Furthermore, this report proposes the future development trends and gives insights into DNA-based information storage, with aiming to offer new thoughts for the advancement of DNA-based data storage technology.

Abstract:With the exponential growth of global data, the current information storage technologies are facing numerous drawbacks such as high maintenance costs and limited storage lifespan, which are gradually becoming more apparent in their inability to meet the increasing demands. Therefore, there is an urgent need to develop new information storage methods to address this issue. DNA, as a natural genetic information carrier, possesses advantages such as high storage density, potential low maintenance costs, and long lifespan, making it a potential new information storage medium. The aim of this work is to present an overview of the basic principles and processes of DNA data storage technology, along with a review of its historical development. Furthermore, the challenges that the field of DNA-based storage currently faces, such as slow data write and read speeds, as well as the potential solutions to these challenges, are summarized. Lastly, to fulfill the global demand for innovative storage solutions, the future directions for the DNA data storage technology were summarized.

Abstract:Since the human civilization entered the information age, an exponential growth of digital information globally posed great challenges to data storage. Current data storage devices have many defects, such as limited data density, short lifespan, environment pollution and so on. Deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA), the natural carrier of genetic information, was proposed to be a reasonable alternative due to its high information density, robustness, long half-life and low maintenance cost. Although DNA storage currently faces the challenges of high reading and writing costs, slow speed and high error rate, it has unique advantages in many fields, such as long-time archival storage, military data encryption and so on. The potential future directions of DNA storage mainly include applications under special scenarios such as space and military, encoding-decoding algorithms robust to base errors, in vivo DNA storage, information retrieval without sequencing, and integrated DNA storage system as well as a unified evaluation standard. It is hoped that in the future, DNA storage can achieve large-scale application, and open a new era of data storage.