Over the past twenty years, the morbidity and mortality of tumor in our country was increasing. If the the cancer could be detected at early stages, targeting therapy would be performed which contribute to improve the cure rate of cancer. With the development of nanotechnology, nanomaterials used in early diagnosis of cancer imaging and treatment have aroused wide concern. A kind of organic fluorescent nanoprobes based on aptamer for tumor-targeted imaging with rapid, simple synthetic process was developed in this research. The nanoprobes not only exhibit excellent targeting function but also have good biocompatibility and stability, and provide a powerful tool for further tumor diagnosis and treatment.