Big data applications have an increasing demand for memory capacity, but traditional memory using DRAM as a memory medium has become more and more serious in big data applications. Computer designers began to consider using Non-Volatile Memory (NVM) to replace traditional DRAM memory. As a non-volatile storage medium, NVM does not need to be dynamically refreshed, so it will not cause a large amount of energy consumption; at the same time, the read performance of NVM is similar to that of DRAM, and the capacity of a single NVM storage unit has strong scalability. However, integrating NVM as a memory into an existing computer system needs to solve its security problem. Traditional DRAM, as a memory medium, loses data automatically after power failure, so the data will not stay in the storage medium for a long time, while NVM is a non-volatile storage medium, and the data can be retained in the NVM for a relatively long time. If attackers gain access to the NVM and then scan the contents, they can obtain the data in the memory. This security issue is defined as a "recovery vulnerability" of the data. Therefore, in a data center environment based on NVM modules, how to make full and effective use of NVM and ensure its safety has become an urgent problem to be solved. Starting from the security aspect of NVM, this article summarizes the research hotspots and progress of NVM security in recent years. First, it summarizes the main security issues faced by NVM, such as data theft, integrity damage, data consistency and crash recovery, and system performance degradation caused by the introduction of encryption and decryption and integrity protection technologies. Then, in view of the above problems, the combined counter mode encryption technology, integrity protection technology Bonsai Merkel Tree, data consistency and crash recovery technology and related optimization schemes are introduced in detail. Finally, the full text is summarized, and the issues that need further attention in the future of NVM are prospected.