Spectrum cognition-aware wireless sensor network can provide wireless spectrum information collection, monitoring, queries, statistics, analysis, and distribution services, significantly improving the utilization of the scare spectrum resource and service performance of network applications. In this paper according to the application needs of industry, spectrum-aware wireless sensor network architecture and network protocols design problems are analyzed and studied preliminarily and hierarchical network structure and cross-layer protocol design methods are identified. In addition, spectrum cognition, information aggregation, routing selection and network management issues involved in network system design are discussed.